COVID-19 and Diagnostic Testing FAQs
Client–Specific FAQs
User–Facing FAQs
User–Facing FAQs: Users required to take a COVID-19 Diagnostic Test in CB Bridges™:
Common Testing Terms:
Diagnostic test: A test to determine if you currently have COVID-19. Also known as a viral test.
Viral test: An oral or nasal swab or saliva test that looks for evidence of an active viral infection. There are two major types: a PCR test (also known as a molecular test) and an antigen test.
PCR test: Detects the genetic material of the virus using a lab technique called polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Also known as a molecular test, a health care worker collects fluid from a nasal or throat swab or from saliva.
Molecular test: Detects the genetic material of the virus using a lab technique called polymerase chain reaction. Also called a PCR test, a health care worker collects fluid from a nasal or throat swab, or saliva.
Antigen test: Detects certain proteins that are part of the virus. Using a nasal or throat swab to get a fluid sample, antigen tests can produce results in minutes but may be less sensitive.
Antibody test: Also known as serology testing, is usually done after full recovery from COVID-19. Eligibility may vary, depending on the availability of tests. A health care professional takes a blood sample, usually by a finger prick or by drawing blood from a vein in the arm. Then the sample is tested to determine whether the donor has developed antibodies against the virus. The immune system produces these antibodies—proteins that are critical for fighting and clearing out the virus—after being exposed to it.
Serology test: A blood test that looks for evidence of someone’s prior infection with the virus.
Point of care test: A sample from the nose or throat that can be analyzed at the doctor’s office or clinic where the sample is collected, and results may be available in minutes. These may be molecular or antigen tests. Also known as rapid tests.
Rapid test: A test that takes around 10-30 minutes to give a result (compared to about four hours for laboratory-based tests). These are relatively simple to perform and interpret and therefore require limited test operator training. They may be intended either for use in hospital laboratories or near the point of care.
Specificity: Measures a test’s ability to correctly generate a negative result for people who don’t have the condition that’s being tested for (also known as the “true negative” rate). A high–specificity test will correctly rule out almost everyone who doesn’t have the disease and won’t generate many false-positive results.
Sensitivity: Measures how often a test correctly generates a positive result for people who have the condition that’s being tested for (also known as the “true positive” rate). A test that’s highly sensitive will flag almost everyone who has the disease and not generate many false-negative results.
Pooled testing: Mixing several samples together in a “batch” or pooled sample, then testing the pooled sample with a diagnostic test. If the pooled sample is negative, all donors are negative. If the pooled sample is positive, each donor receives an individual diagnostic test.
Screening testing: Testing asymptomatic individuals who do not have known exposures with the intent of making individual decisions based on the test results. Screening tests are intended to identify infected individuals before they develop symptoms, or to identify infected individuals who may not develop symptoms, so that measures can be taken to prevent further spread.
Surveillance testing: Testing a certain percentage of a specific population to monitor for increasing or decreasing prevalence or to determine the effect of community interventions such as social distancing. Example: randomly selecting and testing 1% of the city population on a rolling basis.